Internal-combustion engine.



A. EJOSBORN. NTERNAL COMBUSTiON ENGINE.

APPLICATIO FILEDASEPT. 10| l9`l5.

Patema Feb. 20,1917.

SHEETS-sneer n.

"A TTR/VEYS 'A. E. OSBURN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

l APPu-ATou mso sEfT. 1o. 1915.

. ,Patented Feb.`20,1917`.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 lsrnrns PATENT OFFICE ALDEN' E. SBORN, F NEW YORK, N. Y.

'1N TEBNAL-CMBUSTIN ENGINE.

Laisser.

.application filed September 10, 1915.

To all whom' t may concern: y

Be it known that l, ALBEN E. OsonN, a citizen of the United States of America, and

a resident of New York, county and State of' New York, have invented certain. new and useful liiiproveinents in Internal-Combiistion Engines, of which the following is a 1 specification, reference Kbeing had to the accompanying drawings, forming aV part thereof. l My invention relates to internal combustion engines, and Vparticularly to Such as comprise two cylinders or two groups of cylindei'sset at an angle to eachother. One object of my invention'is to provide in an engine. of this character, a relatively simple and inexpensive valve mechanism Vand operating means therefor;

Another object is to provide an engine commonly known as an engine of the V-type with valve mechanism which lis so arranged and positioned relative to the cylinders, that a single valve crankshaft to which all of the valves are connected may be employed.

Other objects and advantages of 'my invention will be set forth hereinafter, and

tures thereof in appended claims.

in order that my yinvention `may be thoroughly understood, I will now proceed to describe the same in the following specification and then -point out the novel fea- Referring'to the drawings: Figure 1 is a transverse sectional eleval -tioii through onepair of cylinders and their valves, of an engine arranged and constructed in accordance with my invention.

A series of diagrammatic views are shown in Figs. 2 to 9 inclusive which illustrate the operation of the engine, by showingthe pistons and valves and the main and valve -crank shafts in diii'erent positions.

While l have shown only one pair ofcylinders, the engine may obviously comprise two groups or' cylinders,'each group containing two or more cylinders.

The structure illustrated iny Fig. 1 com-` prises a pair of cylinders 1() and 11, having their center lines substantially in the saine plane but at an angle to each other. They may, for example, be at an angle of 90 degrees. (hierating in the cylinders are pistons 12 and 13 which are connected by pis ton rods la and 15 to a wrist pini@ on the crank shaft 1'?.

Above the crank shaft 17 and between the cylinders il@ endyfi. is valve crank shaft Speeiication of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 20, 1917.

Serial No. 49,912.

1S having a wrist pin 19 to which the piston valves 20 and 21 are operatively connected. These valves respectively operate in valvecylinders 22 and 23. The valve cylinchamber 24 of the cylinder 10 and tlie valve 560 der 22 opens at one end into the combustion cylinder 23 opciis'into the combustion chainber 25 of the cylinder 11. i

The construction of the valve cylinders and the location Aof the admission and eX- haust ports forms no part of my present inventioiicalndeach cylinder, with its valve,

ma-.for example, correspond in construction to the engine shown and described in my copending application Serial' No. 879,589, filed December 29,A 1914, except that the valve cylinder is at an angle to the engine cylinder. A brief description will therefore sufiice. Y

.The valve cylinders 20 and 21 are similar to each other and only one will be described.

For example, the valve cylinder20 is pro-..

vided with a transverse port 26 which is adapted to register with an admission ort 27 and* with a passage 28 which opens into the engine cylinder'l() at an intermediate point in the stroke of the piston 12. The admission of -fuel to the engine is therefore governed by the piston valve in cooperation with the engine cylinder.`

An exhaust port 29 is adapted to be l broken lines in Fig.

The operation-of the engine will be clearly understood' by referring to the diagram shown in Figs. 2 to 9 inclusive.

Fig. 2 shows the piston atthe lleft starting on'tlie' power stroke andthe vpiston .on the stroke. v

Fig. 3-shows the intermediate pointin the `power stroke and the piston on the right tionvstrelie. .l

piston on theleft at an right at an intermediate point in the exhaust4 ,110 starting' on the sticy In Fig. 4 the piston on the left is shown at the end of the power stroke starting on the exhaust stroke, and the piston on the right at an intermediate point in the suction stroke.

In Fig. 5 the piston on the lett is at an intermediate point in the exhaust stroke and the piston at the right is starting on the compression stroke.

In Fig. 6 the piston on the left is starting on the suction stroke and the piston on the right is at an intermediate point in thecompression stroke.

In Fig. 7 the left hand piston is at an intermediate point in the suction stroke and the right hand piston is starting on its power stroke.

In Fig. 8 the left hand piston is shown as starting on the compression stroke and the right hand piston is at an intermediate point in the power stroke.

In Fig. 9 the left hand piston is at an intermediate point in the compression stroke and the right hand piston is starting on the exhaust stroke.

It is evident from careful inspection of the diagrams that if the valve crank shaft is operated at half the speed ot the engine crank shaft, the valves although they are coupled to the same wrist pin, are always in the proper position. I `urthermore, the valve mechanism, including the valve crank shaft, utilizes the space between the engine cylinders and produces in consequence a very compact and desirable arrangement. Furthermore, since each valve cylinder is at an angle to t-he. engine cylinder with which it coperates, they open into the combustion chamber very close together, thereby making it possible to use a smaller combustion chamber and increasing the elliciency ot' the engine.

The' piston valves also serve to deliver power through the gearing to the engine shaft.

The angle between the center lilies ot the opposite valve cylinders is determined by the angle between the center lines of the engine cylinders; tor example, when the engine cylinders have a Sl() degree relation the valve cylinders will h'ave a substantially 135 degree relation.

h/[y invention is particularly applicable to engines for automobiles, aeroplanes and motor boat service, but is not limited to any barticular field ot usefulness. Furthermortn the structure shown and described is intended to he illustrative of only one embodiment of my invention. and l intend that only such limitations be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.

that I claim is: l

1. An internal combustion engine comprising a crank-slntl't, a pair ot cylinders at an angle to each other, pistons operating in essi tv/naaste coP the cylinders and eccentrically connected with said crank-shaft at a connnon axis of eccentricity, a valve for each of said cylinders, a valve-operating shaft within the angle of the cylinders, said valve-operating shaft having an eccentric thereon, means for connecting the valve-operating shaft to turn at one-half the speed of the4 crank-shaft, operating means for said valves comprising pivotal connections, a connecting rod between cach of said pivotal connections and a common point on saideccentric, and means for guiding the motion ot' said pivotal connections at an angle to each other and each at an angle to the axis of its respective cylinder, to thereby obtain the proper relative time of movement of both of the valves from said common eccentric.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a crankshaft, a pair of cylinders at an angle of substantially 90 degrees to each other, pistons operating in the cylinder and eccentrically connected with said crankshaft at a common axis of eccentricity, a valve for each of said cylinders, a valveoperating shaft within the angle of the cylinders, said valve-operating shaft having an eccentric thereon. means for connecting the valve-operating shaft to turn at one-half the speed of the crank-shaft, operating means for said valves comprising pivotal connections, a' connecting rod between each of said pivotal connections and a common ioint of said eccentric, and means for gui ing the motionl ot' said pivotal connections at an angle ot' substantially 135 degrees to each other, to thereby obtain the proper relative time of movement of the valves from said eccentric.

3. An internal combustion engine comprising a crank shat't, a pair of cylinders at an angle to each other, pistons operating in the cylinders and eecentrically connected with said crank sha lt at a common axis of eccentricity, a valve for each of said cylinders,'a valve operating shaft, means for connecting the valve operating shaft to turn at' one-hall the speed of the crank shaft, opel'- ating means for said valves comprising pivotal connections, connecting rods between said pivotal connections and a common point ot eccentricity of said valve operating shaft, and means tor guidingr the motions of said pivotal comiections at an angle to each other and each at an angle to the a, \'is of its respective cylinder to thereby obtain the proper relative time oli movement of both of said valves l'rom said connnon eccentric.

4. An internal combustion engine coinprising a pair of engine cylinders having their axes at an angle to each other, pistons operating in the eylimlers, a crank-shaft having a single wrist pin to which both istons are operatively connected, valve cy inders cach at an angle to the engine cylinder with Which it coperates, a valve crank shaft operatively connected to the engine shaft and piston valves inthe valve cylinders ecycentrically connected to the valve crankl shaft at a common axis of eccentricity.

5. An internal combustion engine cornprising a pair of engine cylinders having their axes at an angle to each other, pistons operating in the cylinders, a crankshaft hai/'ing a single Wrist pin to which both pistons are operatively connected, valve cylinders each at an angle to the engine cylinder Withwhich it coperates, pist-on valves eachv at an angle to the cylinder with which it is associated, a valve crank shaft connected to operate at one-half the Vspeed of the crank shaft and having a single wrist pin to which the valves are connected at a common axis of eccentricity.

6. An internal combustion engine comprising a crank shaft, a p'air of cylinders at an angle to eachother, pistons operating in the cylinders and eccentrically connected to said crank shaft at a common axis of eccentricity, a valve cylinder for each of said cylinders and disposed at an angle thereto, a

piston valve operating in each valve cylin der, a valve operating shaft within the angle of the cylinders, means for connecting the Valve operating shaft to turn at one-halfthe speed of the crank shaft, means for connecting the piston'valves in the respective valve cylinders to said valve operating shaft at a common axis of eccentricity, the timing of the valves being determined by the angles- -ing a single Wrist 'pin to which the piston valves are connected, said valve crank shaft being connected to operate at a slower speed than the crank shaft.

8. An internal combustion engine comprising acrank shaft, a pair of cylinders at an angle to each other, pistons operating in the cylinders and eccentrically connected with said crank shaft at a common axis of eccentricity, andvalve cylinders coperating with vthe respective engine cylinders vWith their center lilies at a greater angle to each other than the angle existing between the engine cylinders; piston valves in thevvalve cylinders, a valve operating shaft connected to be turned at a slower speed than the crank shaft, and means for eccentrically connecting the piston valves to the valve operating shaft at a common axis of eccentricity.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 3 day rof September, 1915.

ALBENY E. osBoRN. 

